The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, also known as the Central African Federation, was a federation of the British colonies of Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Northern Rhodesia (Zambia), and Nyasaland (Malawi) that existed from 1953 to 1963, with Salisbury (Harare) servng as its capital. The federation was established on 1 August 1953, and the goal of the federation was to continue British control over their colonies in Central Africa. However, resentment against the federation harbored by African nationalist led to unrest that culminated in the dissolution of the union in 1963, with Zimbabwe and Malawi becoming independent realms; Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965 and was subjected to minority rule until the end of the Rhodesian Bush War in the 1970s.
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