Hoboken is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey. Originally inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans, who called it "Hupokan" ("land of the tobacco pipe", the land was purchased by the Dutch West India Company in 1630. It remained undeveloped for over a century, and the land was sold to Colonel John Stevens in 1784. Before he died in 1838, Stevens founded the Hoboken Land and Improvement Company, which laid out a regular system of streets, blocks, and lots, built housing, and developed manufacturing sites. Hoboken grew into a township on 9 April 1849 and a city on 29 March 1855, and it rapidly developed during the second half of the 19th century; the first recorded baseball game was played in Hoboken in 1846, Stevens Institute of Technology was founded in 1870, shipping lines came to use Hoboken as a terminal port, and the Erie Lackawanna Railroad built the Hoboken Terminal in 1907. As the major destination port of the Hamburg America Line, Hoboken attracted a large population of German immigrants, and, by World War I, the city was nicknamed "Little Bremen", as the majority of its residents were Germans. The war led to many Germans being forced to move to Ellis Island or to leave of their own accord, and Hoboken became a major point of embarkation for 3,000,000 US Army soldiers who were shipped off to Europe. Following the war, Italian immigrants from the Apulian town of Molfetta, Irish immigrants, and Central European Jewish small business owners also came to form major populations in the city. World War II facilitated economic growth in Hoboken, which became renowned for its waterfront and for its manufacturing industries. However, the deindustrialization and suburbanization of the 1960s took its toll on the city, which became run-down. By the 1970s, the docks were more or less abandoned, but the city witnessed a speculation spree during the late 1970s and 1980s. Hoboken experienced a wave of arsonist fires, but it underwent gentrification during the 21st century, becoming known for its populations of young professionals and artists. Still, the Fruit Town Brim, 59 Brim, and Sex Money Murder sets of the Bloods and the Latin Kings were active along Harrison Street. In 2017, Hoboken had a population of 55,131 people.
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